Focus: Rwanda

Adelman, H. & Suhrke, A. (2000). The Path of a genocide: The Rwanda crisis from Uganda to Zaire. London: Transaction Publishers.

Baldwin, H. & Newbury, C. (1999). An evaluation of USAID/OTI’s Women in Transition Initiative in Rwanda. Washington, DC: USAID. Retrieved May 19, 2002, from The USAID Web site: http://www.dec.org/pdf_docs/PDABS264.pdf

CIA World Factbook (2001). Rwanda. Federal Information and News Dispatch, Inc. Retrieved July 16, 2002, from the CIA World Factbook Web site: http://80-web.lexis-nexis.com.proxyau.org/universe/document

Colletta, N.J. & Cullen, M.L. (2000). The nexus between violent conflict, social capital and social cohesion: case studies from Cambodia and Rwanda. Social Capital Initiative Working Paper 23. Retrieved May 17, 2002, from the World Bank Web Site: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDS_IBank_Servlet?pcont=details&eid;=000094946_ 01092604010994

Dallaire, R. (2002). A good man in hell: General Romeo Dallaire and the Rwanda genocide. Washington, DC: United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved August 24, 2002, from the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Web site: http://www.ushmm.org/conscience/events/dallaire/dalliare.php

Des Forges, A. (1986). The drum is greater than the shout: The 1912 rebellion in Northern Rwanda. In D. Crummey, (Ed.). Banditry, rebellion and social protest in Africa. London: James Currey Ltd.

Des Forges, A. (1969). Kings without crowns: The white fathers in Ruanda. In D. McCall, N. Bennett, & J. Butler, (Eds.). Eastern African History. London: Frederick A Praeger.

Eliadis, P. (2001). Annotated outline: Medium and long term program action plan and implementation strategy. National Unity and Reconciliation Commission 2002-2004.

Flanders, L. (2000). Rwanda’s living casualties. In A. Barstow, (Ed.). War’s dirty secret: Rape, prostitution, and other crimes against women. Cleveland, OH: The Pilgrim Press. Foundation Hirondelle. (2001). Rwanda justice: First “gacaca” genocide trials to start in May. Foundation Hirondelle Rwanda / Justice Files - 1999/2001. Retrieved July16, 2002, from the Foundation Hirondelle Web site: http://hirondelle.org/hirondelle.nsf/caefd9edd48f5826c12564cf004f793d/9117deeb2

Fujii, L. (2001). Origins of power and identity in Rwanda. Presented at: The Annual Conference of the International Studies Association, 20-24 February 2001. Chicago, Illinois. Retrieved August 20, 2002, from the International Studies Association Web site: http://www.isanet.org/archive/fujii.html.

Government of Rwanda. (2001). Good governance strategy paper: Democratization. Retrieved May 10, 2002, from the Government of Rwanda Web site: http://www.rwanda1.com/government/president/speeches/2001/demo2.htm.

Government of Rwanda. National program for strengthening good governance for poverty reduction in Rwanda. (2002). Retrieved May 10, 2002, from http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/un/unpan002927.pdf.

Hamilton, H.B. (2000). Rwanda’s Women: The Key to Reconstruction. The Journal of Humanitarian Assistance. Retrieved May 19, 2002, from The Journal of Humanitarian Assistance Web site: http://www.jha.ac/greatlakes/b001.htm.

Hamilton, H.B. (1999). Refugee women, UNHCR and the Great Lakes crisis. Retrieved May 6, 2002, from the Pressroom Web site: http://www.pressroom.com/~hbhamilton/srp.html.

Hickey, B. (1996). Women and conflict: The challenges, the future for women in Rwanda. In M. Lieshout, (Ed.). A woman’s world beyond the headlines. Dublin: Attic Press & Oxfam.

Human Rights Watch. (2001a). World Report 2001: Rwanda “Backgrounder.” Retrieved April 10, 2002, from the Human Rights Watch Web site: http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/africa/rwanda-bck-0131.htm

Human Rights Watch. (2001b). Rwanda: Observing the rules of war? Human Rights Watch, 13(8), 1-17.

Human Rights Watch (2002). Rwanda: Deliver justice for victims of both sides. HRW Documents on Rwanda. Retrieved August 12, 2002, from the Human Rights Watch Web site: http://hrw.org/press/2002/08/rwanda081202.htm

Human Rights Watch (2002). Letter sent to US Ambassador John Negroponte, President of UN Security Council. Human Rights News. Retrieved August 12, 2002, from the Human Rights Watch Web site: http://hrw.org/press/2002/08/rwanda-Itr0809.htm.

International Crisis Group. (2001a). “Consensual democracy” in post-genocide Rwanda: Evaluating the March 2001 District Elections. Africa Report 34. Retrieved May 17, 2002, from the ICG Web site: http://www.crisisweb.org/projects/africa/rwanda/reports/A400453_09102001.pdf

International Crisis Group. (2001b). International criminal tribunal for Rwanda: Justice Delayed. Africa Report 30. Retrieved May 19, 2002, from the ICG Web site: http://www.intl-crisis- group.org/projects/africa/rwanda/reports/A400442_02102001.pdf

International Crisis Group. (2001c). Rwanda/Uganda: A dangerous war of nerves. Africa Briefing. Retrieved May 17, 2002, from the ICG Web site: http://www.crisisweb.org/projects/africa/centralafrica/reports/A400519_21122001-1.pdf.

International Crisis Group. (2000). Uganda and Rwanda: Friends or enemies? ICG Central Africa Report 14. Retrieved May 19, 2002, from the ICG Web site: http://www.intl-crisis-group.org/projects/africa/rwanda/reports/A400037_04052000.pdf

The International Institute for Communication and Development. (2002). Rwanda rural rehabilitation initiative. IICD Stories. Retrieved April, 23, 2002, from the IICD Web site: http://www.iicd.org/base/story_window_print?id=4831

Jefremovas, Villia. 2002. Brickyards to graveyards: From production to genocide in Rwanda. New York: State University of New York Press.

Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. JHU/CCP program promotes Rwanda’s post-genocide judicial system reconciliation. Retrieved May 7, 2002, from the Johns Hopkins University Web site: http://jhuccp.org/news/052101.stm

Kumar, K. & Tardif-Douglin, D. (1996). Rebuilding postwar Rwanda: The role of the international community. USAID Evaluation Special Study 76. Washington, DC: USAID, Center for Development and Evaluation.

Lacey, M. (2002). After the horror, truth and some healing, maybe. The New York Times. (20 June 2024). Retrieved June 20, 2024 from the New York Times Web site: http://www.nytimes.colm/2002/06/20/international/asia/20RWAN.html?ragewaned=print.

Landesman, P. (2002). A woman’s work. The New York Times Magazine. 15 September 2002, 82- 116.

Lemarchand, R. (1970). Rwanda and Burundi. New York: Praeger Publishers.

Longman, T. (1999). State, civil society, and genocide in Rwanda. In R. Joseph, (Ed). State, conflict, and democracy in Africa. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Longman, T. (1998). Rwanda: Chaos from above. In L. Villalon (Ed.), The African state at a critical juncture: Between disintegration and reconfiguration. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Longman, T. (1997). Rwanda: Democratization and disorder: Political transformation and Social deterioration. In J.F. Clark & D.E. Gardinier (Eds.), Political reform in Francophone Africa. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

Lorch, D. U.N. in Rwanda says it is powerless to halt the violence. New York Times. 14 April 1994. A:3.

Malkki, L. (1995). Purity and exile: Violence, memory, and national cosmology among The Hutu refugees in Tanzania. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Martin, I. (1998). Hard choices after genocide: Human rights and political failures in Rwanda. In J. Moore (Ed.) Hard choices: Moral dilemmas in humanitarian intervention, (pp. 157-175). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

Mugemzi, I.K., Democracy and Good Governance, ICASSRT. (1999). Rwanda in the democratic process. Retrieved May 10, 2002, from the Ethno-Net Africa Web Site: http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl;=fr&u;=http://www.unesco.org/most/p95mugemzi.htm & prev=/search%3Fq%3DRwanda%2Band%2B%2Bgovernance%26start%3D10%26hl%3Den%26s a%3DN

Nabakwe, R. (2002). International “development” assistance to Rwanda and good Governance. The Perspective, Atlanta GA. (2 April 2024). Retrieved May 7, 2002, from the Perspective Web site: http://www.theperspective.org/assistancetorwanda.html.

National Program for Strengthening Good Governance for Poverty Reduction in Rwanda. (2002).

National Unity and Reconciliation Commission. (2000). Annual report of activities by the National Unity and Reconciliation Commission: February 1999 - June 2000. Kigali, Rwanda: National Unity and Reconciliation Commission.

National Unity and Reconciliation Commission. (2000). The national summit paper by the National Unity and Reconciliation Commission: 18-20 October 2000. Kigali, Rwanda: National Unity and Reconciliation Commission.

National Unity and Reconciliation Commission. (n.d.). Nation-wide grassroots consultations report: unity & reconciliation initiatives in Rwanda. Kigali, Rwanda: National Unity & Reconciliation Commission.

Newbury, C. (1998). Ethnicity and the politics of history in Rwanda. Africa Today, 45(1), 1-11. Retrieved August 20, 2002, from the Proquest Web site: http://proquest.uni.com/pqdweb?INT=0&SelLanguage;=0&TS;=1029854143&Di; =00000

Newbury, C. (1995). Background to genocide: Rwanda. Issue: A Journal of Opinion. 23(2), 12-17.

Newbury, C. (1988). The Cohesion of oppression: Clientship and ethnicity in Rwanda, 1860-1960. New York: Columbia University Press.

Newbury, C. & Baldwin, H. (2000a). Aftermath: Women in postgenocide Rwanda. Working Paper 303. Washington, DC: USAID, Center for Development Information and Evaluation.

Newbury, C. & Baldwin, H. (2000b). Aftermath: Women’s organizations in postconflict Rwanda. Working Paper 304. Washington, DC: USAID, Center for Development Information and Evaluation.

Newbury, C. & Baldwin, H. (2001). Profile: Rwanda. In K. Kumar, (Ed.) (2001). Women and civil war: Impact, organizations, and action. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers.

Newbury, C. & Newbury D. (2000). Bringing the peasants back in: Agrarian themes in the construction and corrosion of statist historiography in Rwanda. American Historical Review, 105(3), 832-877.

Newbury, D. (1980). The clans of Rwanda: A historical hypothesis. Africa 50(4), 389-403.

Ngowi, R. (2002). Rwanda rejects genocide accusation. The Associated Press. Retrieved August 5, 2002, from the Washington Post Web site: http://www.washingtonpost.com/sc2/wpdyn/A419772002Aug4?language=printer

Nowrojee, B. & Ralph, R. (2000). Justice for women victims of violence: Rwanda after the 1994 genocide. In I. Amadiume & A. An-Na’im (Eds.), The politics of memory: truth, healing and social justice. London: Zed Books.

Omaar, R. & Waal, A. (1995). Rwanda not so innocent: When women become killers. London: African Rights.

Population Reference Bureau (2002). 2002 Women of Our World. Retrieved September 9, 2002, from the Population Reference Bureau Web site: http://www.prb.org/Template.cfm?Section=PRB&template; =/Content/ContentGroups/Datasheets/2002_Women_of_Our_World.htm

Prendergast, J. & Smock, D. Postgenocidal reconstruction: Building peace in Rwanda and Burundi. United States Institute of Peace Special Report. Retrieved May 17, 2002, from the USIP Web site: http://www.usip.org/oc/sr/sr990915/sr990915.html

Prunier, G. (1995). The Rwanda crisis: History of a genocide. New York: Columbia University Press.

Republic of Rwanda, Office of the President of the Republic. (1999). The unity of Rwandans - Before the colonial period and under the colonial rule - Under the First republic. Kigali, Rwanda: Republic of Rwanda.

Republique Rwandaise. (2001). Tout savoir sur les tribunaux gacaca. Ministere de la Justice et des relations institutionnelles.

Republique Rwandaise. (2001). Resultats des elections du 25/03/2002: Niveau des Cellules. Commission Electorale Nationale, Mars 2002.

Reyntjens, F. (2001). Again at the crossroads - Rwanda and Burundi, 2000-2001. Current African Issues 24. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstituet.

Reyntjens, F. (2000). Small states in an unstable region - Rwanda and Burundi, 1999-2000. Current African Issues 23. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstituet.

Reyntjens, F. (1999). Talking or fighting? Political evolution in Rwanda and Burundi, 1998-1999. Current African Issues 21. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstituet.

RNA News Agency. (2001). Rwanda: President reacts to critics of government’s efforts. BBC Monitoring Africa, BBC Worldwide Monitoring. Retrieved May 9, 2002, from the Lexis Nexis Web site: http://80-web.lexis-nexis.com.proxyau.wrlc.org/universe/document?_m=f6231a0bd8ele0c497

Roth, K. & Des Forges, A. (2002). Justice or therapy? Boston Review, July 2002. Retrieved August 12, 2002, from the Human Rights Watch Web site: http://hrw.org/editorials/2002/ictr0724.htm

Rwanda: President Reacts to Critics of Government’s Efforts. (2001, November 5). BBC Worldwide Monitoring.

Sibomana, A. (1999). Hope for Rwanda: Conversations with Laure Guilbert and Herve Deguine. London: Sterling Press.

Taylor, C. (2001). Sacrifice as terror: The Rwandan genocide of 1994. New York: Oxford.

Twagiramariya, C. & Turshen, M. (1998). ‘Favours’ to give and ‘consenting’ victims: The sexual politics of survival in Rwanda. In M. Turshen & C. Twagiramariya, What women do in wartime: Gender and conflict in Africa. London: Zed Books.

United Nations Development Program. (1999). Northwest Rwanda…Towards recovery. Retrieved May 7, 2002, from the United Nations Development Program Web site: http://www.un.rw/DocInfo/Nwbro/resettle.shtml.

United Nations Development Program. (2001). National forum maps Rwanda’s governance priorities. UNDP Newsfront. Retrieved May 7, 2002, from the UNDP Web site: http://www.undp.org/dpa/frontpagearchive/2001/november/19nov01/.

USAID. (2002). Building democracy in Rwanda. USAID Democracy and Governance Activity Sheets. Retrieved May 1, 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://www.usaid.gov/democracy/afr/rwanda.html

USAID. (2002). FY 2002 annual report for USAID Rwanda. Washington, DC: USAID.

USAID. (2001). Rwanda activity data sheet. USAID AFR regional overview, Rwanda Overview. Retrieved May 10, 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://usaid.gov/hum_response/oti/country/afr/rw/696-001.html

USAID. (2000). OTI Rwanda program information. USAID Country Programs. Retrieved May 7 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://usaid.gov/hum_response/oti/country/rwanda/index.html

USAID. (2000). OTI program summary: November 2000, Rwanda. USAID Country Programs. Retrieved May 10, 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://usaid.gov/hum_response/oti/country/rwanda/rwd2000.html

USAID. (2000). USAID announces partnership between University of Maryland and the National University of Rwanda. USAID Press Release. Retrieved May 1, 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://www.usaid.gov/press/releases/2000/pr000201.html

USAID. (1999). Rwanda: Women in transition. OTI Country Programs. Retrieved May 6, 2002, from the USAID Web site: http://usaid.gov/hum_response/oti/country/rwanda/wit.html US Institute of Peace. (1998). Rwanda after the genocide. USIP: Peace Watch. Retrieved April 10, 2002, fom the USIP Web site: http://usip.org/pubs/PW/298/rwanda.html

Uvin, P. (1998). Aiding violence: The development enterprise in Rwanda. West artford, CT: Kumarian Press.

Uvin, P. (2001a). Reading the Rwandan genocide. International Studies Association. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishers.

Uvin, P. (2001b). Difficult choices in the new post-conflict agenda: the international community in Rwanda after the genocide. Third World Quarterly, 22(2).

Verwimp, P. (1999). Development ideology, the peasantry and genocide: Rwanda Represented in Habyarimana’s speeches. Yale University Genocide Studies Program, Working Paper ESP13. Retrieved from the Yale University Web site: http://ww.yale.edu/gsp/Rwanda.doc

Waller, D. (1993). Rwanda which way now? An Oxfam country profile. London: Oxfam UK.

Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children. (2001). You cannot dance if you cannot stand: A review of the Rwanda Women’s Initiative and the UNHCR’s commitment to gender equality in post-conflict societies. Retrieved May 17, 2002, from the Women’s Commission Web site: http://www.womenscommission.org/reports/womenscommission-rwi-assessment.pdf

Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children. (2000). Rebuilding Rwanda: A struggle men cannot do alone. Delegate Report. Retrieved May 16, 2002, from the Women’s Commission Web site: http://www.womenscommission.org/reports/womenscommission-rwandareport.pdf

Women’s Commission for Refugee Women and Children. (1997). Rwanda’s women and children: The long road to reconciliation. Retrieved May 19, 2002, from the Women’s Commission Web site: http://www.womenscommission.org/reports/wc_rwandareport.html

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